Due to Meta‘s purported inability to remove election-related misinformation, the EU has formally launched a substantial inquiry against the company. Although Russia isn’t specifically mentioned in the European Commission’s statement, Meta told Engadget that the EU investigation focuses on the nation’s Doppelganger campaign, an online misinformation effort that promotes pro-Kremlin propaganda.
According to Bloomberg’s sources, the investigation centered on the Russian misinformation campaign, characterizing it as a sequence of “trials to mimic the look of conventional news outlets while producing content that promotes Russian President Vladimir Putin’s agendas.”
The probe was announced the day after France claimed that pro-Russian internet propaganda had targeted 27 of the EU’s 29 members states in advance of the June European Parliamentary elections. Social media companies were advised to ban websites that were “participating in a foreign interference operation” by France’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Jean-Noel Barrot, on Monday.
A Meta spokesperson told Engadget that the company had been at the forefront of exposing Russia’s Doppelganger campaign, first spotlighting it in 2022. The company said it has since investigated, disrupted and blocked tens of thousands of the network’s assets. The Facebook and Instagram owner says it remains on high alerts to monitor the network while claiming Doppelganger has struggled to successfully build organic audiences for the pro-Putin fake news.
The European Commission’s President said Meta’s platforms, Facebook and Instagram, may have breached the Digital Services Act (DSA), the landmark legislation passed in 2022 that empowers the EU to regulate social platforms. The law allows the EC to, if necessary, impose heavy fines on violating companies — up to six percent of a company’s global annual turnover, potentially changing how social companies operate.
In a statement to Engadget, Meta said, “We have a well-established process for identifying and mitigating risks on our platforms. We look forward to continuing our cooperation with the European Commission and providing them with further details of this work.”
The EC probe will cover “Meta’s policies and practices relating to deceptive advertising and political content on its services.” It also addresses “the non-availability of an effective third-party real-time civic discourse and election-monitoring tool ahead of the elections to the European Parliament.”
The latter refers to Meta’s deprecation of its CrowdTangle tool, which researchers and fact-checkers used for years to study how content spreads across Facebook and Instagram. Dozens of groups signed an open letter last month, saying Meta’s planned shutdown during the crucial 2024 global elections poses a “direct threat” to global election integrity.
Meta said that CrowdTangle only provides a fraction of the publicly available data and would be lacking as a full-fledged election monitoring tool. The company says it’s building new tools on its platform to provide more comprehensive data to researchers and other outside parties. It says it’s currently onboarding key third-party fact-checking partners to help identify misinformation.
However, with Europe’s elections in June and the critical US elections in November, Meta had better get moving on its new API if it wants the tools to work when it matters most.
The EC gave Meta five working days to respond to its concerns before it would consider further escalating the matter. “This Commission has created means to protect European citizens from targeted disinformation and manipulation by third countries,” EC President von der Leyen wrote. “If we suspect a violation of the rules, we act.”
